What are security procedures?
Security procedures are also known as control activities. These procedures are the specific step-by-step actions performed to implement a security control in line with applicable standards. Security procedures describe the practical actions, processes and workflows necessary to protect information systems, data and assets from unauthorized access, misuse, or damage.
While policies set the “what” and standards define “what level or criteria,” procedures explain the “how.” For example, a security policy might mandate that all employees use strong passwords, a standard might specify minimum password complexity and the procedure would describe how users create, change and securely manage those passwords.
Common characteristics of security procedures include:
- Specificity: Clear, actionable steps often tailored to particular roles or technologies;
- Repeatability: Procedures ensure consistent execution of security controls; and
- Documentation: Written for training, audits and continuity of operations.
Well-documented procedures serve as evidence of due care and diligence during audits or incident reviews. When organizations lack documented procedures, auditors often cite it as a failing in internal controls. Effective security procedures reduce ambiguity, minimize human error and provide measurable controls, helping organizations maintain compliance and resilience against cyber threats.